Potential Use of Water Treatment Sludge as Partial Replacement for Clay in Eco-Friendly Fired Clay Bricks

The traditional production process of clay bricks involves the extraction significant amounts raw materials and consumes considerable energy, leading to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions environmental degradation. Using environmentally friendly in construction industry has become an attractive alternative for mitigating sustainability issues. One such is incorporating waste materials, as water treatment sludge (WTS), into brick production. This research aims assess viability using WTS a replacement conventional fired production, thereby pollution. Five distinct mixtures were created, with replacing at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80% ratios. mechanical properties durability produced analyzed through various tests, Atterberg limits, optimum content, unconfined compression, apparent porosity, compressive strength, flexural density, absorption, efflorescence. results demonstrated that content increased, limits porosity increased. bulk bending capacity specimens found decrease ratio Additionally, moderate efflorescence was observed samples higher